Why I Want to Attend Western Oregon University Essay

Western Oregon University Western Oregon is a standard 4-year, medium sized college. It is located in the small, rural town of Monmouth, but only 10 miles from an urban city. Being primarily residential, Western Oregon brings a certain family vibe, which they claim you cannot find anywhere else. Many students say that their favorite part of Western Oregon is the size, since it gave them more one-on-one time with their professors. There are a total of eighty-three majors. Before financial aid and any scholarship money are entered the tuition is $8,274 for in-state students, while out-of-state student’s tuition is $21,759. Western Oregon estimated total cost if you are living on campus is $21,838, if you are off campus the expected total†¦show more content†¦Examples of the intramural sports they have are normal sports such as basketball, volleyball, softball, and even flag football; some sports that are not so average are billiards, walleyball, racquetball, and triathl ons. This year at WOU they have a total of seventeen activities that you can take part in. These activities include campus ministries, literary magazines, and a television station. As you can imagine the activities provided at WOU bring in a lot of their students because it is a great opportunity to get experience for your future job! Western Oregon’s retention rate for part-time students is 36%, while their rate for full-time students is 72%. This statistic speaks loudly for the good environment, social community, and classroom environment! The safe environment of this small liberal arts college brings many students in to the college. The serious crime rate (per 1000 students per year) is 0.96, the drug or weapon incidents is 5.59, and as you could guess the highest rate is alcohol encounters at 13.12. Though these statistics might seem high they are actually very low compared to other colleges. The graduation rate for males is 33%, while the rate for females is 43%. The rate of getting a bachelor’s degree within four years is 16%, but the percentage goes all the way up to 34% after five years of studies. After studying the ups and downs about this college I found that there areShow MoreRelatedBusiness Plan7059 Words   |  29 Pages -To expand our client base throughout the Western United States. -To provide excellent customer service. -To differentiate Haircare Accents through our three-pronged delivery system of merchandise, display systems, and educational services to salons. Business Description Haircare Accents is a Washington based company that provides Salons with fashion jewelry and accessories, display systems, and educational services throughout the Western United States. Haircare Accents is the onlyRead MoreWomen s Rights On The Grounds Of Political, Social, And Economic Equality2077 Words   |  9 Pageswomen should have as much of an education and power in society as men. This leads to her argument in education. She states that women should be able to have education. One of the disadvantages why it seems that women are not smarter than men because they do not get the same education as men do. She states â€Å"But I still insist, that not only the virtue, but the knowledge of the two sexes should be the same in nature, if not in degree, and that women, considered not only as moral, but rational creaturesRead MoreSummary Of Greasy Lake Essay2216 Words   |  9 Pagesfind it at Greasy Lake. Not that night† (Boyle 306). I believe that the three nineteen year old boys quickly regretted the decision to move on to a new location when they discovered that a person they believed was their friend was in reality a much worse character than themselves. This escalated to a potentially fatal series of events that would most likely change their lives forever. This forcibly makes the narrator realize that he no longer wants to be as bad of a character as previously desired andRead MoreThe Effect of Peer Presure in Education17388 Words   |  70 PagesPERFORMANCE OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS AT UGANDA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY BY KYOSHABA MARTHA BBA (UCU) 2005/HD04/4262U DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO GRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL FUFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT OF MAKERERE UNIVERSITY DECEMBER 2009 DECLARATION I, Martha Kyoshaba, hereby declare that, this dissertation is my original work and has never been presented to any university or institution for any academic award. Sign:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreEssay on Framing the User: Social Constructions of Marijuana Users9798 Words   |  40 PagesFraming the User: Social Constructions of Marijuana Users and the Medical Marijuana Movement Nelson A. Pichardo Almanzar Dept. of Sociology Central Washington University Ellensburg, WA 98926 Pichardn@cwu.edu Thanks to Laura Appleton and Ericka Stange for comments on an earlier draft. Thanks also to Kirk Johnson for his assistance in locating criminal data sets. Framing the User: Social Constructions of Marijuana Users and the Medical Marijuana Movement ABSTRACT Social movements are continuouslyRead MoreHerbert Hoover4987 Words   |  20 PagesNewberg, Oregon to live with his Uncle John Minthorn. Shortly after he moved, Hoover attended Friends Pacific Academy where he took up the job as an office boy in his uncles real estate office in Salem. He did not attend high school, but took night classes and learned typing, bookkeeping, and math. Hoover stated, My boy hood ambition was to be able to earn my own living, without the help of anybody, anywhere. After building his excellence in these courses, Hoover then entered Stanford University inRead MoreWalmart Case Study4848 Words   |  20 Pagesin 14 countries outside U.S. (2980) †¢ Joint venture with Bharti Enterprises to enter India(2006) History of Wal-Mart †¢ Sam Walton - The man behind it all †¢ Born in a farmer’s family in Kingfisher, Oklahoma on March 29, 1918 †¢ Graduated from the University of Missouri in 1940. †¢ First job – at JC Penney at $ 75 a month †¢ Gave up job and opened his first store in Arkansas in 1950- Walton’s 5 dime †¢ 11 stores by 1962. 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Essay on Western Music - 1354 Words

Western Music dates back from 1200 BC. We can divide each major element of Western Music into periods. Some of the major periods of Western Music consist of Baroque, Classical, Romantic, and Modern Music. Each period contributed key elements that have influenced the formation of music. These key periods helped form the musical geniuses;Bach, Beethoven,Mozart,Verdi, and Copland. The Baroque period lasted from 1600-1750. The two best known Baroque composers are Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frederick Handel. The music of the period is thick and complex polyphonic texture prevails in many composers works. The music gives a sense of drama and urgency is incorporated into in vocal forms such as the cantata, mass, opera, oratorio and†¦show more content†¦The orchestra gained more color and flexibility as clarinets, flutes, oboes, and bassoons became permanent members of the orchestra. The classical style was dominated by homophony homophony, which consisted of a single melodic line and an accompaniment. New forms of composition were developed to adapt to this style. The most important of these forms was the sonata sonata which was in instrumental music. This form continued to change and evolve throughout the classical period, and it is important to note that the classical sonata was very different from the sonatas written by Baroque composers. The ea rly 1700s reflected a musical style known as Rococo. This style served as a transition from the Baroque to the Classical Era. Rococo, which developed in France, is actually an art term that described a new art style which was both a light and embellished. Musically speaking, it is refered to as style galant. In Germany, after 1750, the style galant became empfindsamer stil. With this change in name came an added element of expressiveness and sentimentality. 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The Lost Duke of Wyndham Chapter Six Free Essays

string(42) " when she realized what she’d said\." Jack had always prided himself on being able to spot the irony in any situation, but as he stood in the Belgrave drawing room – correction, one of the Belgrave drawing rooms, surely there were dozens – he could find nothing but stark, cold reality. He’d spent six years as an officer in His Majesty’s army, and if he’d learned one thing from his years on the battlefield, it was that life could, and frequently did, turn on a single moment. One wrong turn, one missed clue, and he could lose an entire company of men. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lost Duke of Wyndham Chapter Six or any similar topic only for you Order Now But once he returned to Britain, he’d somehow lost sight of that. His life was a series of small decisions and insignificant encounters. It was true that he was living a life of crime, which meant he was always dancing a few steps ahead of the hangman’s noose, but it wasn’t the same. No one’s life depended upon his actions. No one’s livelihood, even. There was nothing serious about robbing coaches. It was a game, really, played by men with too much education and too little direction. Who would have thought that one of his insignificant decisions – to take the Lincoln road north instead of south – would lead to this? Because one thing was for certain, his carefree life on the road was over. He suspected that Wyndham would be more than happy to watch him ride away without a word, but the dowager would not be so accommodating. Miss Eversleigh’s assurances aside, he was quite certain the old bat would go to extensive lengths to keep him on a leash. Maybe she would not turn him over to the authorities, but she could certainly tell the world that her long-lost grandson was gadding about the countryside robbing coaches. Which would make it damned difficult to continue in his chosen profession. And if he was truly the Duke of Wyndham†¦ God help them all. He was beginning to hope that his aunt had lied. Because no one wanted him in a position of such authority, least of all himself. â€Å"Could someone please explain†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He took a breath and stopped, pressing his fingers against his temples. It felt as if an entire battalion had marched across his forehead. â€Å"Could someone explain the family tree?† Because shouldn’t someone have known if his father had been the heir to a dukedom? His aunt? His mother? Himself? â€Å"I had three sons,† the dowager said crisply. â€Å"Charles was the eldest; John, the middle; and Reginald the last. Your father left for Ireland just after Reginald married† – her face took on a visible expression of distaste, and she jerked her head toward Wyndham – â€Å"his mother.† â€Å"She was a Cit,† Wyndham said, with no expression whatsoever. â€Å"Her father owned factories. Piles and piles of them.† One of his brows lifted. Very slightly. â€Å"We own them now.† The dowager’s lips tightened, but she did not acknowledge his interruption. â€Å"We were notified of your father’s death in July of 1790.† Jack nodded tightly. He had been told the same. â€Å"One year after that, my husband and my eldest son died of a fever. I did not contract the ailment. My youngest son was no longer living at Belgrave, so he, too, was spared. Charles had not yet married, and we believed John to have died without issue. Thus Reginald became duke.† She paused, but other than that expressed no emotion. â€Å"It was not expected.† Everyone looked at Wyndham. He said nothing, â€Å"I will remain,† Jack said quietly, because he didn’t see as he had any other choice. And maybe it wouldn’t hurt to learn a thing or two of his father. A man ought to know where he comes from. That was what his uncle had always said. Jack was beginning to wonder if he’d been offering forgiveness – in advance. Just in case he decided one day that he wished to be a Cavendish. Of course, Uncle William hadn’t met these Cavendishes. If he had, he might’ve revised that statement entirely. â€Å"Most judicious of you,† the dowager said, clapping her hands together. â€Å"Now then, we – â€Å" â€Å"But first,† Jack cut in, â€Å"I must return to the inn to collect my belongings.† He glanced around the drawing room, almost laughing at the opulence. â€Å"Meager though they are.† â€Å"Nonsense,† the dowager said briskly. â€Å"Your things will be replaced.† She looked down her nose at his traveling costume. â€Å"With items of far greater quality, I might add.† â€Å"I wasn’t asking your permission,† Jack said lightly. He did not like to allow his anger to reveal itself in his voice. It did put a man at a disadvantage. â€Å"Nonethe – â€Å" â€Å"Furthermore,† Jack added, because really, he didn’t wish to hear her voice any more than he had to, â€Å"I must make explanations to my associates.† At that he looked over at Wyndham. â€Å"Nothing approaching the truth,† he added dryly, lest the duke assume that he intended to spread rumors throughout the county. â€Å"Don’t disappear,† the dowager directed. â€Å"I assure you, you will regret it.† â€Å"There’s no worry of that,† Wyndham said blandly. â€Å"Who would disappear with the promise of a dukedom?† Jack’s jaw tightened, but he forced himself to let it pass. The afternoon did not need another fistfight. And then – bloody hell – the duke abruptly added, â€Å"I will accompany you.† Oh, good God. That was the last thing he needed. Jack swung around to face him, lifting one dubious brow. â€Å"Need I worry for my safety?† Wyndham stiffened visibly, and Jack, who had been trained to notice even the smallest of details, saw that both of his fists clenched at his sides. So he’d insulted the duke. At this point, and considering the bruises he was likely to find staining his throat, he didn’t care. He turned to Miss Eversleigh, offering her his most self-effacing smile. â€Å"I am a threat to his very identity. Surely any reasonable man would question his safety.† â€Å"No, you’re wrong!† she cried out. â€Å"You misjudge him. The duke – â€Å" She shot a horrified look at Wyndham, and they all were forced to share her discomfort when she realized what she’d said. You read "The Lost Duke of Wyndham Chapter Six" in category "Essay examples" But she plowed on, determined girl that she was. â€Å"He is as honorable a man as I have ever met,† she continued, her voice low and fervent. â€Å"You would never come to harm in his company.† Her cheeks had flushed with passion, and Jack was struck by the most acidic thought. Was there something between Miss Eversleigh and the duke? They resided in the same house, or castle, as it were, with only an embittered old lady for company. And while the dowager was anything but senile, Jack could not imagine that there was any lack of opportunity to engage in a dalliance under her nose. He watched Miss Eversleigh closely, his eyes falling to her lips. He’d surprised himself when he kissed her the night before. He hadn’t meant to, and he certainly had never done such a thing before whilst attempting to rob a coach. It had seemed the most natural thing in the world – to touch her chin, tilt her face up toward his, and brush his lips against hers. It had been soft, and fleeting, and it had taken him until this moment to realize just how deeply he wanted more. He looked at Wyndham, and his jealousy must have shown on his face because his newly discovered cousin looked coolly amused as he said, â€Å"I assure you, whatever violent urges I possess, I shall not act upon them.† â€Å"That is a terrible thing to say,† Miss Eversleigh responded. â€Å"But honest,† Jack acknowledged with a nod. He did not like this man, this duke who had been brought up to view the world as his private domain. But he appreciated honesty, no matter the source. And as Jack looked him in the eye, there seemed to develop an unspoken agreement. They did not have to be friends. They did not even have to be friendly. But they would be honest. Which suited Jack just fine. By Grace’s calculations, the men ought to have returned within ninety minutes, two hours at most. She had not spent much time in a saddle, so she was not the best judge of speed, but she was fairly certain that two men on horseback could reach the posting inn in something less than an hour. Then Mr. Audley would need to retrieve his belongings, which could not take very long, could it? And then – â€Å"Get away from the window,† the dowager snapped. Grace’s lips tightened with irritation, but she managed to return her expression to one of placidity before she turned around. â€Å"Make yourself useful,† the dowager said. Grace glanced this way and that, trying to decode the dowager’s order. She always had something specific in mind, and Grace hated it when she was forced to guess. â€Å"Would you like me to read to you?† she asked. It was the most pleasant of her duties; they were currently reading Pride and Prejudice, which Grace was enjoying immensely, and the dowager was pretending not to like at all. The dowager grunted. It was a no grunt. Grace was fluent in this method of communication. She took no particular pride in this skill. â€Å"I could pen a letter,† she suggested. â€Å"Weren’t you planning to respond to the recent missive from your sister?† â€Å"I can write my own letters,† the dowager said sharply, even though they both knew her spelling was atrocious. Grace always ended up rewriting all of her correspondence before it was posted. Grace took a deep breath and then let it out slowly, the exhale shuddering through her. She did not have the energy to untangle the inner workings of the dowager’s mind. Not today. â€Å"I’m hot,† the dowager announced. Grace did not respond. She was hoping none was necessary. And then the dowager picked something up off a nearby table. A fan, Grace realized with dismay, just as the dowager snapped it open. Oh, please, no. Not now. The dowager regarded the fan, a rather festive blue one, with Chinese paintings in black and gold. Then she snapped it back shut, clearly just to make it easier for her to hold it before her like a baton. â€Å"You may make me more comfortable,† she said. Grace paused. It was only for a moment, probably not even a full second, but it was her only means of rebellion. She could not say no, and she could not even allow her distaste to show in her expression. But she could pause. She could hold her body still for just enough time to make the dowager wonder. And then, of course, she stepped forward. â€Å"I find the air quite pleasant,† she said once she had assumed her position at the dowager’s side. â€Å"That is because you are pushing it about with the fan.† Grace looked down at her employer’s pinched face. Some of the lines were due to age, but not the ones near her mouth, pulling her lips into a perpetual frown. What had happened to this woman to make her so bitter? Had it been the deaths of her children? The loss of her youth? Or had she simply been born with a sour disposition? â€Å"What do you think of my new grandson?† the dowager asked abruptly. Grace froze, then quickly regained her composure and resumed fanning. â€Å"I do not know him well enough to form an opinion,† she answered carefully. The dowager continued to look straight ahead as she answered, â€Å"Nonsense. All of the best opinions are formed in an instant. You know that very well. ‘Else you’d be married to that repulsive little cousin of yours, wouldn’t you?† Grace thought of Miles, ensconced in her old home. She had to admit, every now and then the dowager got things exactly right. â€Å"Surely you have something to say, Miss Eversleigh.† The fan rose and fell three times before Grace decided upon, â€Å"He seems to have a buoyant sense of humor.† â€Å"Buoyant.† The dowager repeated the word, her voice curious, as if she were testing it out on her tongue. â€Å"An apt adjective. I should not have thought of it, but it is fitting.† It was about as close to a compliment as the dowager ever got. â€Å"He is rather like his father,† the dowager continued. Grace moved the fan from one hand to the other, murmuring, â€Å"Is he?† â€Å"Indeed. Although if his father had been a bit more†¦ buoyant, we’d not be in this mess, would we?† Grace choked on air. â€Å"I’m so sorry, ma’am. I should have chosen my words more carefully.† The dowager did not bother to acknowledge the apology. â€Å"His levity is much like his father. My John was never one to allow a serious moment to pass him by. He had the most cutting wit.† â€Å"I would not say that Mr. Audley is cutting,† Grace said. His humor was far too sly. â€Å"His name is not Mr. Audley, and of course he is,† the dowager said sharply. â€Å"You’re too besotted to see it.† â€Å"I am not besotted,† Grace protested. â€Å"Of course you are. Any girl would be. He is most handsome. Pity about the eyes, though.† â€Å"What I am,† Grace said, resisting the urge to point out that there was nothing wrong with green eyes, â€Å"is overset. It has been a most exhausting day. And night,† she added after a thought. The dowager shrugged. â€Å"My son’s wit was legendary,† she said, setting the conversation back to where she wished it. â€Å"You wouldn’t have thought it cutting, either, but that was simply because he was far too clever. It is a brilliant man who can make insult without the recipient even realizing.† Grace thought that rather sad. â€Å"What is the point, then?† â€Å"The point?† The dowager blinked several times in rapid succession. â€Å"Of what?† â€Å"Of insulting someone.† Grace shifted the fan again, then shook out her free hand; her fingers were cramped from clutching the handle. â€Å"Or I should say,† she amended, since she was quite sure the dowager could find many good reasons to cut someone down, â€Å"of insulting someone with intention of their not noticing it?† The dowager still did not look at her, but Grace could see that she rolled her eyes. â€Å"It is a source of pride, Miss Eversleigh. I wouldn’t expect you to understand.† â€Å"No,† Grace said softly. â€Å"I wouldn’t.† â€Å"You don’t know what it means to excel at something.† The dowager pursed her lips and stretched her neck slightly from side to side. â€Å"You couldn’t know.† Which had to be as cutting an insult as any, except that the dowager seemed completely unaware she’d done it. There was irony in there somewhere. There had to be. â€Å"We live in interesting times, Miss Eversleigh,† the dowager commented. Grace nodded silently, turning her head to the side so that the dowager, should she ever choose to turn her head in her direction, would not see the tears in her eyes. Her parents had lacked the funds to travel, but theirs had been wandering hearts, and the Eversleigh home had been filled with maps and books about faraway places. Like it was yesterday, Grace remembered the time they had all been sitting in front of the fire, engrossed in their own reading, and her father looked up from his book and exclaimed, â€Å"Isn’t this marvelous? In China, if you wish to insult someone, you say, ‘May you live in interesting times.'† Grace suddenly did not know if the tears in her eyes were of sorrow or mirth. â€Å"That is enough, Miss Eversleigh,† the dowager said suddenly. â€Å"I am quite cooled.† Grace shut the fan, then decided to set it down on the table by the window so she would have a reason to cross the room. Dusk hung only lightly in the air, so it was not difficult to see down the drive. She was not certain why she was so eager to have the two men back – possibly just as proof that they had not killed each other on the trip. Despite defending Thomas’s sense of honor, she had not liked the look in his eyes. And she had certainly never known him to attack someone. He’d looked positively feral when he lunged for Mr. Audley. If Mr. Audley had been less of a fighting man himself, she was quite certain Thomas would have done him permanent harm. â€Å"Do you think it will rain, Miss Eversleigh?† Grace turned. â€Å"No.† â€Å"The wind is picking up.† â€Å"Yes.† Grace waited until the dowager turned her attention to a trinket on the table next to her, and then she turned back to the window. Of course the moment she did, she heard – â€Å"I hope it rains.† She held still. And then she turned. â€Å"I beg your pardon?† â€Å"I hope it rains.† The dowager said it again, so very matter-of-fact, as if anyone would wish for precipitation while two gentlemen were out on horseback. â€Å"They will be drenched,† Grace pointed out. â€Å"They will be forced to take each other’s measure. Which they will have to do sooner or later. Besides, my John never minded riding in the rain. In fact, he rather enjoyed it.† â€Å"That does not mean that Mr. – â€Å" â€Å"Cavendish,† the dowager inserted. Grace swallowed. It helped her catch her patience. â€Å"Whatever he wishes to be called, I don’t think we may assume that he enjoys riding in the rain just because his father did. Most people do not.† The dowager did not seem to wish to consider this. But she acknowledged the statement with, â€Å"I know nothing of the mother, that is true. She could be responsible for any number of adulterations.† â€Å"Would you care for tea, ma’am?† Grace asked. â€Å"I could ring for it.† â€Å"What do we know of her, after all? Almost certainly Irish, which could mean any number of things, all of them dreadful.† â€Å"The wind is picking up,† Grace said. â€Å"I shouldn’t want you to get chilled.† â€Å"Did he even tell us her name?† â€Å"I don’t believe so.† Grace sighed, because direct questions made it difficult to pretend she wasn’t a part of this conversation. â€Å"Dear Lord.† The dowager shuddered, and her eyes took on an expression of utter horror. â€Å"She could be Catholic.† â€Å"I have met several Catholics,† Grace said, now that it was clear that her attempts to divert the subject had failed. â€Å"It was strange,† she murmured. â€Å"None had horns.† â€Å"What did you say?† â€Å"Just that I know very little about the Catholic faith,† Grace said lightly. There was a reason she often directed her comments to a window or wall. The dowager made a noise that Grace could not quite identify. It sounded like a sigh, but it was probably more of a snort, because the next words from her mouth were: â€Å"We shall have to get that taken care of.† She leaned forward, pinching the bridge of her nose with her fingers and looking extremely put out. â€Å"I suppose I shall have to contact the archbishop.† â€Å"Is that a problem?† Grace asked. The dowager’s head shook with distaste. â€Å"He is a beady little man who will be lording this over me for years.† Grace leaned forward. Was that movement she saw in the distance? â€Å"Heaven knows what sorts of favors he shall demand,† the dowager muttered. â€Å"I suppose I shall have to let him sleep in the State Bedroom, just so he can say he slept on Queen Elizabeth’s sheets.† Grace watched as the two men on horseback came into view. â€Å"They are back,† she said, and not for the first time that evening, wondered just what role she was meant to play in this drama. She was not family; the dowager was certainly correct in that. And despite Grace’s relatively lofty position within the household, she was not included in matters pertaining to family or title. She did not expect it, and indeed she did not want it. The dowager was at her worst when matters of dynasty arose, and Thomas was at his worst when he had to deal with the dowager. She should excuse herself. It did not matter that Mr. Audley had insisted upon her presence. Grace knew her position, and she knew her place, and it was not in the middle of a family affair. But every time she told herself it was time to go, that she ought to turn from the window and inform the dowager that she would leave her to talk with her grandsons in private, she could not make herself move. She kept hearing – no, feeling – Mr. Audley’s voice. She stays. Did he need her? He might. He knew nothing of the Wyndhams, nothing of their history and the tensions that ran through the house like a vicious, intractable spiderweb. He could not be expected to navigate his new life on his own, at least not right away. Grace shivered, hugging her arms to her chest as she watched the men dismount in the drive. How strange it was to feel needed. Thomas liked to say he needed her, but they both knew that was untrue. He could hire anyone to put up with his grandmother. Thomas needed no one. Nothing. He was marvelously self-contained. Confident and proud, all he really needed was the occasional pinprick to burst the bubble that surrounded him. He knew this, too, which was what saved him from being entirely insufferable. He’d never said as much, but Grace knew it was why they had become friends. She was possibly the only person in Lincolnshire who did not bow and scrape and say only what she thought he wished to hear. But he didn’t need her. Grace heard footsteps in the hall and turned, stiffening nervously. She waited for the dowager to order her gone. She even looked at her, raising her brows ever so slightly as if in a dare, but the dowager was staring at the door, determinedly ignoring her. When the men arrived, Thomas walked in first. â€Å"Wyndham,† the dowager said briskly. She never called him anything but his title. He nodded in response. â€Å"I had Mr. Audley’s belongings sent up to the blue silk bedroom.† Grace shot a careful look over at the dowager to gauge her reaction. The blue silk bedroom was one of the nicer guest bedchambers, but it was not the largest or most prestigious. It was, however, just down the hall from the dowager. â€Å"Excellent choice,† the dowager replied. â€Å"But I must repeat. Do not refer to him as Mr. Audley in my presence. I don’t know these Audleys, and I don’t care to know them.† â€Å"I don’t know that they would care to know you, either,† commented Mr. Audley, who had entered the room behind Thomas. The dowager lifted a brow, as if to point out her own magnificence. â€Å"Mary Audley is my late mother’s sister,† Mr. Audley stated. â€Å"She and her husband, William Audley, took me in at my birth. They raised me as their own and, at my request, gave me their name. I don’t care to relinquish it.† He looked coolly at the dowager, as if daring her to comment. She did not, much to Grace’s surprise. And then he turned to her, offering her an elegant bow. â€Å"You may refer to me as Mr. Audley if you wish, Miss Eversleigh.† Grace bobbed a curtsy. She was not certain if this was a requirement, since no one had any clue as to his rank, but it seemed only polite. He had bowed, after all. She glanced at the dowager, who was glaring at her, and then at Thomas, who somehow managed to look amused and annoyed at the same time. â€Å"She can’t sack you for using his legal name,† Thomas said with his usual hint of impatience. â€Å"And if she does, I shall retire you with a lifelong bequest and have her sent off to some far-flung property.† Mr. Audley looked at Thomas with surprise and approval before turning to Grace and smiling. â€Å"It’s tempting,† he murmured. â€Å"How far can she be flung?† â€Å"I am considering adding to our holdings,† Thomas replied. â€Å"The Outer Hebrides are lovely this time of year.† â€Å"You’re despicable,† the dowager hissed. â€Å"Why do I keep her on?† Thomas wondered aloud. He walked over to a cabinet and poured himself a drink. â€Å"She is your grandmother,† Grace said, since someone had to be the voice of reason. â€Å"Ah yes, blood.† Thomas sighed. â€Å"I’m told it’s thicker than water. Pity.† He looked over at Mr. Audley. â€Å"You’ll soon learn.† Grace half expected Mr. Audley to bristle at Thomas’s tone of condescension, but his face remained blandly unconcerned. Curious. It seemed the two men had forged some sort of truce. â€Å"And now,† Thomas announced, looking squarely at his grandmother, â€Å"my work here is done. I have returned the prodigal son to your loving bosom, and all is right with the world. Not my world,† he added, â€Å"but someone’s world, I’m sure.† â€Å"Not mine,† Mr. Audley said, when no one else seemed inclined to comment. And then he unleashed a smile – slow, lazy, and meant to paint himself as the careless rogue he was. â€Å"In case you were interested.† Thomas looked at him, his nose crinkling in an expression of vague indifference. â€Å"I wasn’t.† Grace’s head bobbed back to Mr. Audley. He was still smiling. She looked to Thomas, waiting for him to say something more. He dipped his head toward her in wry salute, then tossed back his liquor in one shockingly large swallow. â€Å"I am going out.† â€Å"Where?† demanded the dowager. Thomas paused in the doorway. â€Å"I have not yet decided.† Which meant, Grace was sure, anywhere but here. How to cite The Lost Duke of Wyndham Chapter Six, Essay examples

Business Economics Demand and Supply

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Economicsfor Demand and Supply. Answer: Introduction This study has demonstrated the concept of business economics. In this regard this study has tried to discuss the economic theory on demand and supply. This theory can effectively estimate the reason why the price of coal has been decreasing while coal in necessity for the industrial as well as domestic consumption. In this purpose, it can be mentioned that with the rise in the price of natural gas, the price of coal has been decreased (Augustovski et al. 2013). On the other hand, in this study, the effect of the economy by the fall in price of coal has been mentioned. In this context, the impact of the coal importing and exporting nations has been discussed after occurring of trade. This study has tried to aim to identify the reason for which the huge fall of coal price can reflect the winners as well as the losers at the business level. As per the case study, it can be observed that the price of coal has been decreasing to half compared to the peak price of two years ago whereas coal is necessary goods for the industry and the domestic consumption. In the words of Beckmann, Hielscher and Pies (2014), the reason can be discussed as the price of the substitute goods such as the price of natural gas might be increased. As a result, it can be mentioned that with the decrease in the price of the coal, the demand for this products would effectively increase in the short run. On the other hand, Canto, Joines and Laffer (2014) mentioned that as in the competitive market structure, as the demand for the natural gas and the renewable resources is higher compared to coal, therefore, in order to acquire a greater market share, the production has decided to lower down the price of coal. As a result, the consumers were also willing to consumer the products in turn of lower price (Haley and Haley 2013). Figure 1: Relationship between the price of coal and its demand (Source: Created by author) The above diagram is helpful to discuss the relationship between the price of coal and the demand for the product. In this connection, it can be observed that the horizontal axis implies the quantity of coal, which was produced. The vertical axis represented the price of the product. The above figure depicted that the demand curve is downward sloping and the supply of the product was remaining same (Deardorff 2014). This refers that with the rise in the price of coal, the quantity demanded by the consumers would be decreased. On the other hand, it can be observed that the initial price of coal was P1 and the corresponding demand for the good was Q1. After lowering down the price of coal, from price P1 to P2, the demand for the product has been increased from Q1 to Q2 (Canto, Joines and Laffer 2014). With the help of this concept of economic demand and supply, it can be observed that when the price of coal decreased, the demand for the product would be increased. In the words of Francois et al. (2013), the decrease in coal price will reflect the countrys coal import as well as export. It can be observed that the rise in the price of natural gas reduces the price of the substitute goods such as coal. This decrease in price of coal has an adverse impact on the massive coal importing countries such as Japan or India. In this purpose, it can be mentioned that as Japan or India import coal from the higher coal exporting countries, therefore, it can be stated that the price of coal will be lower. As per the statement of Gillespie (2013), due to the fall in price of coal, after the imposition of tariff, the price will also be lower from the previous. The reason can be discussed that the rate of tariff was also previously imposed, and then the price of coal was higher (Beckmann, Hielscher and Pies 2014). Figure 2: Effect in the coal importing nations (Source: Created by author) From the above figures, it can be observed that the X axis denotes the price level of coal and the Y axis denotes the quantity level. Demand curve is downward sloping and the supply curve is upward sloping. The first figure represented the higher price of coal in the market whereas the second figure tried to represent the effect of import after the reduction of coal price from P1 to P2 (Granger 2014). It can be clearly observed that with the decrease in price level, the countries import more from the previous. Previously, the quantity was increased by Q1 to Q2, whereas after the decrease in the price level, the quantity has been increased from Q3 to Q4. This amount is higher from the previous (Haley and Haley 2013). With the decrease in the price of coal, the revenue of the coal production organisation of the exporting countries such as Australia or Indonesia has been decreased. Therefore, the exporting nations will incur loss. The producer surplus of the producers will be reduced (Haley and Haley 2013). On the other hand, it can be mentioned that with the increase in the level of export, there will be shortages in the quantity level of coal in the domestic market. As a result, it can be assumed that to maintain the equilibrium level, the price of coal in the domestic market may be increased. In the words of Johnson (2014), it can be mentioned that the fall in the oil price increase the domestic consumption of coal in the country like USA and China. As a result, it can be mentioned that the amount of export will be decreased by the country. As per the case study, this study has aimed to identify the businesses or industries, who will be benefitted after the fall of coal price. In this connection, it can be stated that the electricity production organisations will be highly beneficial. McCloskey (2013) opined that due to the reduction of the price of the intermediary good, the cost of the final good will also decreases. The price of the petroleum will also decrease. Moreover, it can be mentioned that refined coal is used for the production of different chemicals. These chemicals are such as creosote oil, phenol, naphthalene, benzene etc. Therefore, it can be stated that the organisations, which are associated with these production of the chemicals, will be significantly benefitted due to the lowering down the cost of the intermediary good. According to Stanley and Doucouliagos (2012), the exporters of coal of a country will incur loss in terms of the dollars appreciation. In addition, the amount of the capital expenditures, which has been invested by the coal manufacturing company, has been decreased (Canto, Joines and Laffer 2014). Therefore, in this connection, it can be mentioned that after the fall in the price level of coal, the domestic exporters of the country will incur loss. As a result, the revenue of the producers has been decreased (Wagner 2012). Conclusion This study has highlighted the concept of business economics. In this connection, this study has demonstrated that the price of oil has been decreased. The reason can be identified as the price of the substitute goods has been increased in the market, therefore, to acquire a greater market share, the coal production companies have been reduced the price of the coal. On the other hand, this study has discussed the effect of the economy after the reduction of coal price. In this context, this study has tried to establish the effect of the importing countries such as Japan or India after import coal. Instead of this, the effect of the exporting nations such as Australia or Japan has mentioned after the coal export in this study. Moreover, this study has identified who will be benefitted and who will incur loss after reducing the price of coal. Recommendation This study has highlighted that the fall in the price of coal has increased the demand for coal. In this connection, it can be assumed that with the rise in the demand for the consumption of coal, there may arise the situation of shortages of supply. As a result, the price of coal can be increased in order to maintain the equilibrium. On the other hand, in case of the import of coal, it can be observed that the coal producers of the importing countries will suffer from loss due to the lowering the business. As a result, it can be recommended that the government of the country requires imposing quantitative restriction on the quantity of coal import. Therefore, the domestic coal producers will not be disheartened. References Augustovski, F., Rey-Ares, L., Irazola, V., Oppe, M. and Devlin, N.J., 2013. Lead versus lag-time trade-off variants: does it make any difference?.The European Journal of Health Economics,14(1), pp.25-31. Beckmann, M., Hielscher, S. and Pies, I., 2014. Commitment Strategies for Sustainability: How Business Firms Can Transform Tradeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Offs Into WinWin Outcomes.Business Strategy and the Environment,23(1), pp.18-37. Canto, V.A., Joines, D.H. and Laffer, A.B., 2014.Foundations of supply-side economics: Theory and evidence. Academic Press. Deardorff, A.V., 2014.Terms of trade: glossary of international economics. World Scientific. Francois, J., Manchin, M., Norberg, H., Pindyuk, O. and Tomberger, P., 2013.Reducing transatlantic barriers to trade and investment: An economic assessment(No. 20130401). Institue for International and Development Economics. Gillespie, A., 2013.Business economics. Oxford University Press. Granger, C.W.J., 2014.Forecasting in business and economics. Academic Press. Haley, U.C. and Haley, G.T., 2013.Subsidies to Chinese Industry: State Capitalism, Business Strategy, and Trade Policy. Oxford University Press. Johnson, R.C., 2014. Trade in intermediate inputs and business cycle comovement.American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics,6(4), pp.39-83. McCloskey, D.N., 2013.Enterprise and Trade in Victorian Britain: Essays in Historical Economics. Routledge. Stanley, T.D. and Doucouliagos, H., 2012.Meta-regression analysis in economics and business(Vol. 5). Routledge. Wagner, J., 2012. International trade and firm performance: a survey of empirical studies since 2006.Review of World Economics,148(2), pp.235-267.

90 Verbs Starting with Ex-

90 Verbs Starting with Ex- 90 Verbs Starting with â€Å"Ex-† 90 Verbs Starting with â€Å"Ex-† By Mark Nichol Ex- marks the spot. Go beyond, go out on a limb, go outside your comfort zone. Get some extra excitement by using these vivid verbs starting with the syllable ex-: 1. Exacerbate: to make worse 2. Exact: to call for and obtain (â€Å"exact revenge†) 3. Exaggerate: to overemphasize or overstate 4. Exalt: to glorify or intensify 5. Examine: to inspect, investigate, or scrutinize 6. Exasperate: to aggravate or enrage 7. Excavate: to remove or expose by digging or as if by digging 8. Exceed: to be greater than or to go beyond a limit or normal boundary 9. Except: to keep out or to object 10. Excerpt: to take out or select, especially writing, for other use 11. Exchange: to trade 12. Excise: to remove by cutting or as if by cutting 13. Excite: to arouse or stimulate 14. Exclaim: to cry out passionately or vehemently 15. Exclude: to bar, or to prevent entrance or inclusion 16. Excogitate: to devise 17. Excommunicate: to bar from membership 18. Excoriate: to abrade or censure 19. Excrete: to discharge or eliminate 20. Excruciate: to torture 21. Exculpate: to clear of blame or fault 22. Excuse: to forgive or remove blame from or to justify or make an apology for 23. Execrate: to denounce 24. Execute: to carry out or perform 25. Exemplify: to embody or make an example of 26. Exempt: to set apart or release from a requirement 27. Exenterate: to disembowel 28. Exercise: to practice, train, or put to use 29. Exert: to put forth effort 30. Exfoliate: to cast off or remove 31. Exhale: to breathe out 32. Exhaust: to wear out 33. Exhibit: to show or demonstrate 34. Exhilarate: to refresh or stimulate 35. Exhort: to appeal to or to warn 36. Exhume: to disinter or to rectify neglect 37. Exile: to drive out 37. Exist: to continue to be or to have being 39. Exit: to go out 40. Exonerate: to reverse an accusation 41. Exorcise: to get rid of an evil spirit or something troublesome 42. Expand: to enlarge or spread 43. Expatiate: to wander, or to communicate at length 44. Expatriate: to banish, or to withdraw from residence or allegiance 45. Expect: to await or to suppose 46. Expectorate: to discharge or spit 47. Expedite: to cause to occur quickly, or to dispatch or issue 48. Expel: to eject 49. Expend: to spend, use up, or utilize 50. Experience: to learn or sense by direct participation or observation, or to undergo 51. Experiment: to test or try 52. Expiate: to absolve of guilt, or to make amends 53. Expire: to conclude or die, or to breath out 54. Explain: to make something known or understood or demonstrate knowledge or understanding 55. Explicate: to describe or analyze 56. Explode: to burst or give forth, or suddenly accelerate or increase 57. Exploit: to utilize, or to take advantage of knowledge 58. Explore: to analyze, investigate, or study, or to test or travel 59. Export: to carry, remove, or send 60. Expose: to make known, to show, or to subject to the elements or to view 61. Exposit: see expound 62. Expostulate: to discuss or examine 63. Expound: to argue, comment, or state 64. Express: to force out, to show, or to symbolize, or to offer feelings or opinions or to perform in order to demonstrate artistry and/or communicate creative material 65. Expropriate: to deprive of property or take another’s property for one’s own 66. Expulse: see expel 67. Expunge: to destroy or to strike out 68. Expurgate: to remove something objectionable 69. Exscind: to cut off or out 70. Exsert: to throw out 71. Exsiccate: to dry 72. Extemporize: to improvise 73. Extend: to put or send out 74. Extenuate: to mitigate or to reduce strength or effect 75. Exteriorize: to bring out from inside (as in surgery) 76. Exterminate: to get rid of or kill 77. Externalize: to rationalize, or to make manifest 78. Extinguish: to eclipse, nullify, or quench 79. Extirpate: to cut out, destroy, or uproot 80. Extol: to glorify or praise 81. Extort: to wring from, to obtain from by argument or intimidation 82. Extract: to draw out, remove, or select 83. Extradite: to deliver a fugitive from one jurisdiction to another 84. Extrapolate: to infer, expand on, or predict 85. Extravasate: to cause to escape, or to force out (as in surgery) 86. Extricate: to free or remove from difficulty, or to distinguish from 87. Extrude: to press or push out, or to shape 88. Exuberate: to demonstrate unrestrained joy 89. Exude: to diffuse or spread out, or to display obviously 90. Exult: to rejoice Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:10 Grammar Mistakes You Should Avoid"Have" vs "Having" in Certain Expressions50 Words with Alternative Spellings

How to Conjugate Remercier (to Thank)

How to Conjugate Remercier (to Thank) The French verb remercier means to thank. You may see that merci is in the center of the word: Merci, of course, is how you say thanks in French.   How to Conjugate the French Verb Remercier Remercier follows the conjugation pattern of regular -er verbs. As you do when conjugating regular verbs, you drop the infinitive ending from the verb to find the stem (remerci-) and add the ending appropriate of the subject pronoun and tense. The charts below will help you conjugate remercier. Present Future Imperfect Present participle je remercie remercierai remerciais remerciant tu remercies remercieras remerciais il remercie remerciera remerciait nous remercions remercierons remerciions vous remerciez remerciez remerciiez ils remercient remercieront remerciaient Subjunctive Conditional Pass simple Imperfect subjunctive je remercie remercierais remerciai remerciasse tu remercies remercierais remercias remerciasses il remercie remercierait remercia remercit nous remerciions remercierions remercimes remerciassions vous remerciiez remercieriez remercites remerciassiez ils remercient remercieraient remercirent remerciassent Imperative (tu) remercie (nous) remercions (vous) remerciez How to Use Remercier in the Past Tense The passà © simple is a literary tense, meaning its not used in conversation. To render a verb in the past tense, youll most commonly use the compound passà © composà ©. The passà © composà © requires an  auxiliary verb  and a  past participle: The auxiliary verb for remercier is  avoir  and the past participle is remercià ©.   For example: Elle lui a remercià © pour le livre.  She thanked him for the book.

Dug Legalization in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dug Legalization in America - Essay Example Users who cause no harm to others are incarcerated which not only ruins their professional and private lives but overcrowds the prison system which allows the early release of violent criminals. It has been said that trying to stop drugs is like trying to stop the rain, still, the ‘war’ continues as a prominent issue. Over half of the prisoners in jail are there for drug ‘crimes.’ This causes overcrowding which results in the early release of dangerous, violent criminals. It is illogical from a societal view and inhumane to individuals who are marked as a criminal for life for activity that causes no harm to others. Those who are addicted receive little or no therapeutic help in prison. Instead of imprisoning people that need help, rehabilitation programs are a much more effective method to treat the problem but a rehabilitation system will not succeed if drugs continue to be illegal.   Drug abusers will hardly seek help from the same government that tosses them in jail for the same thing. The hypocrisy of the drug war is apparent. All illegal drugs combined account for about 4,500 deaths in this country per year while tobacco is responsible for the deaths of 400,000 people annually and alcohol ends 80,000 people’s lives every year. (Fu, 2006) Legislators will not ban smoking because they indicate regulation regarding what adults do in privacy including what they can put into their bodies is clearly unconstitutional and an infringement on personal liberties.   Everyone can differentiate the distinction between a person that takes in an occasional alcoholic beverage and one who commits crimes while drunk.   Why can’t this simplistic reasoning be applied to drug users? Our code of law is founded upon a principle of presumptive rationality.   Rational adults should be allowed to make personal choices as long as those actions cause no harm to others.   The U.S. government is unequivocally unjustified in choosing this particular

The contribution of the construction industry to economic development Essay

The contribution of the construction industry to economic development in Libya - Essay Example Such estimates signifying the role of construction industry in the national economies, especially in the context of developing economies, could rise further as these figures do not include the informal sectors. In developing economies informal sectors generates significant casual employment in both rural and urban areas (Ganesan 2000). The construction outputs are considered as a major constituent of investment and part of fixed capital which are essential for continuous and sustainable economic growth. In the normal course the outcomes of construction activities produce results that benefits on the whole for a larger period of time. Construction industry is also very important since infrastructure development is very crucial and a pre condition for potential economic growth (Ive and Gruneberg, 2000; Hillebrandt 2000). The importance of the construction industry is due to the role it has in the economy, but that role varies between nations. In developing countries, the construction industry has a pivotal role in providing a significant infrastructure in the form of roads, railways, hospitals, schools, airports, housing and other buildings. In developed countries the emphasis is on professional services, maintenance and repair constructions (Ruddock, 2009; Bon, 1999).The main purpose of this study is to draw attention to the importance of the construction industry in Libya through investigating its relationship with other sectors via linkages which are defined as â€Å"backward and forward linkages† (Raza, 2008- p no?). The construction industry stimulates the growth of other sectors through a complex system of linkages which are defined as backward and forward – directions from an input and output model of the economy. Changes in construction industry usually affect other sectors through its linkages. Therefore, its highest linkages with other sectors provide a more rapid growth in the economy (Song, Liu, 2006). As a matter of fact the backward

Issues that Patients Complain about in Regards to Managed Care Essay

Issues that Patients Complain about in Regards to Managed Care - Essay Example The patients generally, do not view gatekeeping as favorable and complain that its actual purpose is not to improve the quality of care but to reduce costs that managed care organization incur for providing specialized services to patients (Estes, Rodriguez, 2003, p.383). The providers working in managed care networks see more patients in a day than other providers. Thus, patients complain that they face huge delays before they are able to see the doctors (Woodard, 2000). Another concern is the volume of documentation. Multiple pages of forms are required to be filled in by patients detailing personal information. Patients are concerned about access controls to this documentation (Holmes, L., n.d.). Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconsolidation Act (COBRA) was passed by United States government in 1986. It is an amendment to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), the Internal Revenue Code, and the Public Health Service Act (US Department of Labor, 2006). COBRA states that employees, who would otherwise lose their group health coverage due to certain events, would still be able to continue their health coverage. Prior to COBRA, the health care coverage was allowed only up to the time the employee remained in service. In order to be eligible for COBRA continuation coverage, following three requirements must be met: COBRA is applicable to both private sector and government employers offering group health care plans. But as per the Act's requirements, the company size should be at least 20 employees (including permanent and temporary employees both) on 50% or more business days during the previous year. Qualifying Events Qualifying event refers to the occurrence of an incident that causes the employee to lose the group health plan. The COBRA continuation coverage takes into account the type of qualifying event in determining the beneficiary for continued coverage and the minimum length of the time the coverage should be continued. Following are the qualifying events for employee: Loss of jobs for reasons other than gross misconduct Reduction in job hours Similarly, other qualifying events have been defined by the Act for spouse and or dependents. Qualified Beneficiaries This defines the beneficiary who can remain a beneficiary of the health plan even after the qualifying event has occurred. COBRA specifies who can become qualified beneficiary and under what circumstances. 2. Employee Retirement Income Security Act Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) was passed in 1974 and "provides a comprehensive federal scheme for the regulation of employee pension and welfare benefit plans offered by employers" (Purcell, Staman, 2008). Although ERISA regulates the operations of a pension plan and health benefit plan; but it does not mandate employers to provide these plans to their employees. There are four main parts of ERISA. These include: Protection of employee benefit rights This section requires employers to provide employees with the details of their benefit plans; and protects employee benefit rights by disallowing health plan to invest more than 10% in employer's securities. Internal revenue code provisions Some amendments were made in the Internal Revenue Code (IRC). The detail of amendments is beyond the scope of this paper. Jurisdiction, administration, and enforcement This section

Turkey and Saudi Arabia Similarities and Differences

Turkey and Saudi Arabia Similarities and Differences Today we are going to discuss the similarities and differences between two societies, Turkish and Saudi Arabian, from the cultural and moral point of view. Firstly it is important to get familiar with these definitions. Culture is the way of life, shared beliefs, values, customs and behaviours, that the members of society use to cope with their world and with one another, and that are transmitted from generation to generation through learning. Norms specify the type of behaviour that is considered appropriate and normal in a society. For example, norms of dress give guidelines on what to wear. Norms are set of rules that vary from society to society. A change in society leads to new ways of behaving and therefore culture and norms are always changing. Values are general rules and principles that tell us what is good, important and worth striving for in our society. Values lay down general principles and guidelines. Inequality concerns differences in access to scarce resources when one group is better positioned than the other in society. Social inequality involves voting rights, freedom of speech, education and many more. Inequality is present in every society, even if it is said that all members in society are equal. Both countries share similar history, culture and values. Religion in particular plays a big part in peoples lives. The major religion is Islam, the second largest religion in the world. In Saudi Arabia, Islam is the only officially recognized religion and other religions in the country are not tolerated. Turkey is more democratic in this way. While in Turkey state and church are separated, religion in Saudi Arabia influences every aspect of social and political life. Even the legal system is based on sharia (Islamic) law. The forms of punishment in this country are, according to some organizations, against human rights. For example, theft is punishable by amputation of the right hand. Flogging is way of punishment for offenses against religion, drunkenness and gambling. The death penalty is the highest form of punishment in the country and is used for a range of convictions including the distribution of drugs from abroad. The death sentence was also practiced in Turkey, but it has s ince been reduced to thirty years imprisonment. Homosexuality is strictly forbidden in both societies (a view strongly linked to religious beliefs), and is punishable by lashing, prison or death. Inequality, in both societies, is most distinguished between men and women. Saudi women suffer discrimination in a range of areas within their daily lives. For example, women are not allowed to drive cars or ride bicycles on public roads and the driving age of 25 is one of the highest in the world. Saudi Arabia is also one of the four remaining countries that have not granted women the right to vote. Women cannot travel abroad without the permission or presence of a male guardian (mahram), and also have to be accompanied by a close male from the family (father or brothers) when outside of house. As chastity and sexual modesty are very highly valued, women can be arrested for socializing with a man who is not a relative and may be charged with prostitution. In public, dancing, playing music and showing movies is forbidden. Women make up just 5% of the workforce in Saudi Arabia, which is the lowest proportion in the world. A womans status within the family is high, especially in the ro les of mother and sister. However, their rights may continue to be restricted, for example, it is believed that women should stay at home, caring for their husbands and children. Most marriages are arranged and polygamy is permitted up to four wives. Similar attitudes towards women had existed in Turkey, but in 1926 new reforms brought changes to the position of women in society. Polygamy was abolished and it is very rare nowadays. Along with religious marriages and divorce, child custody became the right of both women and men. Education levels of women have increased since the reforms and many Turkish women are able to access education, have jobs and careers. The right to vote was granted in 1930. Although the position of women outside of family has changed significantly, inside it remains more or less the same. Husbands remain at the head of family and woman must have their permission to work or their approval if going out. Both Saudi Arabian and Turkish societies place huge value on the family and take their responsibilities seriously. Families tend to be large and the extended family remains close. Significant inequality also exists between women from different sectors of societies. Women in these two states have different life styles and rights. For example, abortion in Turkey is legal up to ten weeks, while in Saudi Arabia it remains illegal, except in situations where the mothers life may be at risk. The norms for public behaviour in Saudi Arabia are extremely conservative. To ensure that these standards of conduct are observed, the Saudi religious police can arrest foreigners for improper dress and other alleged infractions, such as consumption of alcohol. Turkish women no longer have to wear the veils and long garments, whereas in Saudi Arabia it is still required by the old religious beliefs. While alcohol is banned in Saudi Arabia, it is allowed in Turkey. In Turkey, Friday is considered a normal working day, regardless of the fact that to Muslims it is considered a holy day. Saudi Arabians continue to acknowledge this tradition most shops and other public places are closed on Friday and individuals practice their prayers. All Muslims pray five times a day and during the holy month of Ramadan they must fast from dawn to dusk (this includes eating, drinking and smoking). According to Islam, the left hand is considered unclean and reserved for personal hygiene. To conclude, Turkey is now considered a secular state, the first ever Islamic society to be considered as such. In contrast, Saudi Arabias unique culture makes marks it as a distinguished Islamic country. People in these countries are extremely proud of their culture, heritage and nationality. Bibliography M. Haralambos and M. Holborn (2008) Sociology , Themes and Perspectives http://marketing.about.com/od/marketingglossary/g/normsdef.htm http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/anthropology/courses/122/module1/culture.html http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1012.html http://www.enjoyturkey.com/info/culture.htm http://www.eastwestinquirer.com/Islamic%20Turkey%20Versus%20Islamist%20Saudi%20Arabia.htm

Essay on Yeatsian and Western Influences on Chinua Achebes Things Fall

Yeatsian and Western Influences on Things Fall Apart      Ã‚   The Igbo culture is flexible and continuous; its laws are made by men and are not solid and permanent. Change is implicit in oral culture. Igbos have been able to retain their core beliefs and behavior systems for 5000 years because of the flexibility and adaptability of their culture. Yeats says things collapse from within before they are overwhelmed by things from without- Umuofia's collapse is its loss of faith, and that is also its strength, it's refusal to fight. But this self-destruction, this bending of societal codes is what keeps the culture from being annihilated. One fundamental question that occurs while trying to figure out how Yeats fits into an understanding of this book is whether or not things really do fall apart. From Okonkwo's point of view they certainly do, but Okonkwo's is not the only point of view in the book. Do things fall apart for the rest of the Umuofia tribes, and for the Ibo people, or does their center still hold, and it is just a center that they never shared with Okonkwo? It is important to look at the construction of the novel and the way it ties in with Yeatsian theory on the rise and fall of civilizations, and on personal tragedy.    The Yeatsian vision of Western history is of a world of "alternating civilizations, each giving way to one another through its inability to contain all human impulses within the enclosed scheme of value and being replaced by all that is overlooked and undervalued"(Wright 80). A fundamental principle of Yeats' vision is that things must "collapse from within before they are overwhelmed from without" (Wright 79). The falcon must lose the connection with the falconer before the center begins to l... ...escapeÉHe wiped his machete on the ground and went away" (205). An enduring aspect of the center of the Igbo people is the ability of that center to change and adapt. In an unchanging time, OkonkwoÕs inflexible will guaranteed his success as a clansman of the Igbo, a culture remarkable for its flexibility, but when the culture had to change to prosper, Okonkwo lost his center, and became a truly tragic figure.    Works Cited Kartennar, Neil ten. "How the Center is Made to Hold in Things Fall Apart." English Studies in Canada. Downsview, Ont. University of Toronto Press. 1975 Simola, Raisa. "World Views in Chinua AchebeÕs Works." Frankfurt am Main: New York. 1995. Wright, Derek. "Things Standing Together: A Retrospective on Things Fall Apart." Heinemann. Oxford; 1990. Chinua Achebe: A Celebration. Ed. Holst, Peterson. Rutherford.      

Demographic and Environmental Timeline- Italy Essay

Historical Changes–Defeat and abdication of Napoleon; Formation of the Congress of Vienna. Birth & Death Rates–Death rates and birth rates were both high and fluctuated rapidly according to natural events, such as drought and disease, to produce a relatively constant and young population. Stage 2 1900 Environmental Impacts—Environmentally, the impact hasn’t really began, however, the building and use of coal operated factories has begun a slow rise in air pollution as well as in the water run-off. Historical Changes– The Industrial Revolution began and that encouraged progression into this stage. There was more urbanization, which encouraged families to be created. (Pearson Education, 2013) Birth & Death Rates–This stage leads to a fall in death rates and an increase in population Stage 3 1948 Environmental Impacts—The use of fracking is beginning throughout all of Italy, and most European countries, therefore beginning issues with fertile soil and water tributaries. Historical Changes— Italy joined the Axis powers in World War II, falling into a bloody Civil War in 1943, with the Fascist faction finally defeated in the spring of 1945. Birth & Death Rates–The population moves towards stability through a decline in the birth rate. Stage 4 1970Â  Environmental Impact–Hydraulic Fracturing is still being used as a way to increase flow rate of natural resources. This practice has been accused of killing animals. (Krishna, 2012) Historical Changes– Italy became an integral member of NATO and the European Economic Community Changing Population Sizes—Population at this time is beginning to stabilize. Birth & Death Rates–Birth and Death rates are both low, leading to a total population which is high and stable. Stage 5 2000 Italy is still in Stage 4. References Krishna, K. (2012, March 7). Study suggests hydro-fracking is killing farm animals, pets | Cornell Chronicle. Retrieved September 16, 2014, from http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/March12/FrackingAnimals.html Pearson Education. (2013, October 3). Italy: History, Geography, Government, & Culture | Infoplease.com. Retrieved September 16, 2014, from http://www.infoplease.com/country/italy.html?pageno=1

Childhood and Adolescent Depression and the Risks of Suicide Essay

Introduction Problem and its Background   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the most common reasons for referral of children and adolescents to mental health professionals is suspected depression. There are continues debate as to whether childhood and adolescent depression are a reflection of normal variation in mood. It is reasonable for the primary care physician to view childhood depression as a constellation of factors that forms a syndrome. This constellation consists of a persistent mood disorder and dysfunctional behavior that intrudes and distorts the child’s day-to-day activities (Gottlieb & Williams, 1991 p.1). A firm denial gave way into a general and strong conviction about significance of depressive syndromes in childhood and adolescents, and of the implications throughout the life course. The realization of the problem occurrence made it possible for the therapeutic interventions and prevention programs to be developed and set up for depressive children, and to have these programs sponsored and evaluated on a scientific perspective. Various factors have facilitated the progression of this study concerning the recognition of childhood depression. Society is approached with enormous cost of untreated childhood depression later on in life (Corveleyn etal, 2005 p.165).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The concept of a depressive syndrome that is distinct from the broad class of childhood onset emotional disorders has been linked to incidence of suicidal rates worldwide. The condition of such incidence is becoming evidently alarming as the number of suicidal rate continue.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The treatment of such depressive states range from pharmacologic drugs up to psychological modifications and therapies, such as behavioral, peer and group focused groups, etc. With the serious nature of childhood / adolescent depression, it is crucial that treatments with known efficacy and more than transitory effects be provided promptly and skillfully (Maj & Sartorius, 2002 p.292). Scope and Limitations   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The treatment procedures and the condition of health care management for the case of childhood and adolescent depression are the primary subjects of the study. The concept on treatment procedure involves the pharmacologic, medical and psychological interventions that are absolutely necessary in the health care management of such condition. The study shall cover the discussion of depressive condition of the childhood and adolescent age group. Diagnostic procedures and issues shall be tackled in this research in order to portray possible conflicts and difficulties that occur in diagnosing the condition. The neurobiology of the depressive state shall be elaborated utilizing psychophysiology of the disorder, and linked to probable external physiological occurrences. Lastly, since the study focuses on therapy and medication as treatment modalities, the following methods and means of treatment shall be involved in the study. The following shall be the objectives of the over-all study. To be able to define, discuss and elaborate the conditions involved in the occurrence of depression in adolescent and childhood stages To be able to provide and tackle the treatment procedure as the center scope of study, accompanied by the issues, physiology and specific drugs involved in depression health care management. Discussion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Cases of despondency and depression in children and adolescents were reported as early as the seventeenth century. Prior to the 1970s, however, little attention was paid to depression in youth (Hersen & Hasselt, 2001 p.243). The study on depression had been more inclined to adulthood depression and not on childhood and adolescence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Depression among children and adolescents is relatively common, enduring, and recurrent disorder that has an adverse impact on a youngster’s psychosocial development and in some cases is associated with self-destructive and life-threatening behaviors. Depressive disorders during childhood and adolescence may be more virulent and of longer duration than depressive disorders in adults. Depressive disorders during childhood are a risk factor for the development of additional psychological disturbances and for the development of depressive disorders later in life. The number of youths who are experiencing depressive disorders is increasing at the same time that the age of onset is decreasing (Mash & Barkley, 2006 p.336).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Depression can be conceptualized both as a dimension and as a category. Epidemiological studies suggest that juvenile depression is a continuum that is associated with problems at most levels of severity. According to Oregon Adolescent Depression Project, the level of psychosocial impairment increased as a direct function of the number of depressive symptoms. Moreover, in line with studies of adults, much of the morbidity associated with depression occurred in the â€Å"milder† but more numerous cases of minor depression. Such results suggest that even mild forms of adolescent depression are a risk factor for depression in early adulthood (Rutter & Taylor, 2002 p.463).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In recent years, increased attention has been given to evidence-based psychosocial and pharmacological interventions for depressed youth. The need to highlight what we know about treatment is underscored by the fact that most depressed youth do not receive treatment. However, as knowledge about treatments for youth depression has increased, the rate of treatment appears to have developed. Although depression among youth is treated more often, it is not clear that standard practice is effective at alleviating depressive symptoms or preventing recurrence. Moreover, there is a bias toward the utilization of pharmacologic drugs and extremely brief psychosocial interventions (Gotlib & Hammen, 2002 p.441). Diagnostic Issues involved in Depression   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition, text revision groups mood disorders into two categories: depressive disorders and bipolar disorders. Both types of disorders are characterized by depressive episodes. For a diagnosis of depressive disorder, the child must be experiencing a mood disturbance for a period of at least 2 weeks, and the symptoms must be present more often than not. At least four of the following symptoms must be present during the same period (Mash & Barkley, 2006 p.337): Significant, unintentional weight gain or loss Insomnia or hypersomnia Psychomotor retardation or agitation fatigue or loss or energy feelings of worthlessness or extreme guilt Diminished concentration pr ability to make decisions Recurring thoughts of death, suicidality, or suicide attempts In depressed preadolescents and adolescents, a lack of perceived personal competence was associated with depression; however, in adolescents, the more abstract concept of contingencies is also related to depression (Mash & Barkley, 2006 p.338). Confusion sometimes arises in the childhood depression field, as it does with adult depression, because of different usages of the term â€Å"depression† and associated differences in methods of assessment. Moreover, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, which is the primary reference of psychiatric diagnosis, frequently changes. One example is in studies of childhood and adolescent depression, the term is variously used to identify depressed mood, a constellation of mood and other symptoms forming a syndrome, or a set of symptoms meeting official diagnostic criteria for depressive disorder. The usage of such term connotes various meaning, such as depression as a symptoms (lonely, fear impulses, guilt, etc.) and depression as a syndrome (comprises clusters of various signs and symptoms) (Mash & Barkley, 2003 p.336). Neurobiology of Childhood & Adolescent Depression   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Biologic studies in children are difficult to implement since they often require several blood draws, subjects remaining still more long periods of time, and the overall cooperation of the children and adolescents. Three types of investigation have provided information on possible developmental differences in the neurobiology of depression. The first is the study of Cortisol secretion, measured by investigations such as the dexamethasone suppression test (Rapoport, 2000 p.230).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Studies of neurotransmitters in depressed adults have focused on norepinephrine, serotonin, and acetylcholine. Serotonin regulation studied in adults with depression reported that in response to L-5hyroxytrytophan in 37 pre-pubertal depressed children secreted less Cortisol and more prolactin than age-matched and gender-matched normal controls, suggesting a deregulation of central serotonergic systems in childhood depression.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abnormalities of the hypothalamic pituitary-thyroid axis and the hypothalamic pituitary-growth hormone axis have been reported in depression in adults. However, Cortisol hypersecretion, as measured by repeated samples over a 24-hour period or by nocturnal sampling, has not been identified in depressed children and adolescents although adolescent showed a Cortisol elevation at the approximate time of sleep onset (Coffey, 2006 p.266).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second type of developmentally informative investigation is the study of sleep. Polysomnographic studies of depressed children and adolescent have tended to demonstrate abnormalities of sleep, including shortened rapid eye movement (REM) latency and reduced slow wave sleep. These generally positive results of polysomnographic studies with children have shown few differences (Rapoport, 2000 p.231).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The third type of developmentally informative investigation is the study of growth hormone. A variety of pharmacological challenge agents that stimulate release of growth hormone have been studied in depressed adolescents and children. Interestingly, the results with adolescents have been negative in terms of slow blunted growth hormone response to provocative stimuli. However, some studies have reported high levels of growth hormone in adolescents with major depression. Moreover, pubertal children both during depressive episode and after recovery have demonstrated blunted growth hormone response to provocative stimuli (Rapoport, 2000 p.231). Psychopharmacology: Antidepressants (SSRIs)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Special considerations arise in treating children and adolescents with antidepressants. Empirical data on antidepressants in young patients are quite limited. Psychiatrists, faced with depriving children of potentially effective medication or prescribing medication or prescribing medications â€Å"Off Label,† need information on which to base treatment decisions, and efforts are underway to promote research in this area. Clinically significant differences in pharmacokinetics and possibly pharmacodynamics between adults and younger patients can also complicate treatment. Moreover, younger patients may also be more sensitive to adverse effects of medications (Preskorn, 2004 p.356).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The antidepressant drugs are a heterogeneous group of compounds that, in adults, have bee found to be effective in the treatment of major depressive disorder. This particular pharmacologic intervention is also utilized in adolescent and children with major depression; although, there have been no studies that validate the appropriateness of such medications. The following are considered as the major treatment of adolescent depression, specifically Tricyclic Antidepressants and (SSRI) Selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (Rossenberg & Ryan, 1998 p.28).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have long been the first-line antidepressants used by most clinicians for adults because of their established efficacy, safety, and ease of administration, but they have been less successful in the treatment of child and adolescent conditions. The mechanism by which TCAs are effective in the treatment of adult depression and other disorders has not been clearly established. There is, however, evidence that these agents affect monoamine neurotransmitter systems in the central; nervous system, such as serotonin and norepinephrine (Rossenberg & Ryan, 1998 p.28-29). The TCAs inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, potentiating their action. It has been suggested that antidepressants work by increasing noradrenergic and/or serotonergic transmission, compensating for a presumed deficiency. Controlled studies failed to demonstrate that TCAs are superior to placebo in the treatment of childhood and adolescent depression (Rossenberg & Ryan, 1998 p.28-29).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Since serotonin is also implicated in the etiology and maintenance of affective disorders, particularly depression; hence, the use selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs) is possible. SSRIs prevent the re-uptake of serotonin, which poses significant therapeutic value although has been shown to be less effective in therapeutic trials in children (Mash & Barkley, 2006 p.384). The SSRIs are now first-line agents for treating child and adolescent depression. The newer antidepressants, such as bupropion and mirtazapine, do not have an adequate empirical base with children; however, they are sometimes used as second-line treatments for those youths who do not respond to SSRIs. Thus far, none of the SSRIs has produced irreversible damage in children and adolescents. However, as the SSRIs gained wide use with depressed adolescents, concerns emerged about the safety of this class of medications. Reports suggested that they were responsible for increased suicidal ideation and behavior among youths (Mash & Barkley, 2006 p.384). In 2003, the British Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency   (MHRA) concluded that most of the SSRIs do not show benefits exceeding their risks of suicidal ideation, and thus should not be prescribed in the child and adolescent population (Mash & Barkley, 2006 p.384).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If the adolescent fails to respond to any SSRI, then switching to a different class of antidepressant is recommended. At present, no data support the use of one agent over another. Therefore, whether the clinician chooses a TCA, nefazodone, or venlafaxine should be based on clinical experience. Other factors to consider for a given adolescent are medication side effects, medical conditions, previous medication trials, comorbid psychiatric conditions, and familial history of a positive response to particular antidepressants (Esman, 1999 p.222). Other classes of antidepressants are fluoxetine, setraline, paroxetine, fluvoxamine, venlafaxine, bupropion, trazodone, and nefazadone. As major depression has a high recurrence rate, it is recommended that pharmacologic treatment continue for a minimum of six months achieving resolution of symptoms. Medication discontinuation should be accomplished gradually, with a slow, stepwise reduction in dosage over a two- or three-month period. The health care providers should carefully monitor the adolescent for withdrawal syndromes and reemergence of depressive symptoms (Esman, 1999 p.222). Relationship to Suicide Rates   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Suicidal thoughts and attempts are among the diagnostic criteria for major depression. Suicidal ideation is quite common, and has been reported in more than 60% of depressed preschoolers, preadolescents, and adolescents. Actual suicidal attempts also may occur, at rates that appear to be higher among depressed adolescents than among depressed adults (Mash & Barkley, 2003 p.336).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Studies have shown consistently high rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders in depressed children and adolescents. The comorbidity rate in children and adolescents with depression has been reported to be 80% to 95%. The most common comorbid disorders in adolescents with depression are anxiety disorders, with rates ranging from 40% to 50%. Moreover, substance abuse frequently co-occurs with depression. Adolescents with major depression are at risk for impairment in school performance and interpersonal relationships, which may interfere with achievement of appropriate developmental tasks. Suicidal behavior is a common sequela. A 10-yar follow-up of depressed child and adolescent outpatients found that 4.4% committed suicide. Mood disorder, prior to suicide attempt, and substance abuse are major risk factors for adolescent suicide (Esman, 1999 p.216).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Depressed and suicidal children and adolescents are often not identified. Identification of children and adolescents who express suicidal ideation or suicidal acts is crucial since such symptoms are recurrent and strong predictors of youth suicide. Other risk factors for youth suicide behavior have been described including family, other environmental and biological factors. Notably, family history of suicidal behavior increases risk for youth suicide (Rapoport, 2000 p.231). Reference Coffey, E. C. (2006). Pediatric Neuropsychiatry. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Corveleyn etal, J. (2005). The Theory and Treatment of Depression: Towards a Dynamic Interactionism Model. Routledge. Esman, A. H. (1999). Adolescent Psychiatry: Developmental and Clinical Studies. Routledge. Gotlib, I., & Hammen, C. L. (2002). Handbook of Depression. Guilford Press. Gottlieb, M. I., & Williams, J. (1991). Developmental-behavioral Disorders: Selected Topics. Springer. Hersen, M., & Hasselt, V. B. (2001). Advanced Abnormal Psychology. Springer. Maj, M., & Sartorius, N. (2002). Depressive Disorders. John Wiley and Sons. Mash, E. J., & Barkley, R. A. (2006). Child Psychopathology. Guilford Press. Mash, E. J., & Barkley, R. A. (2006). Treatment of Childhood Disorders. Guilford Press. Preskorn, S. (2004). Antidepressants: Past, Present, and Future. Springer. Rapoport, J. L. (2000). Childhood Onset of â€Å"Adult† Psychopathology: Clinical and Research Advances. American Psychiatric Pub., Inc. Rossenber, D., & Ryan, N. (1998). Pocket Guide for the Textbook of Pharmacotherapy for Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders. Psychology Press. Rutter, M., & Taylor, E. A. (2002). Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Blackwell Publishing.

Using GDP to Measure Economic Health

Using GDP to Measure Economic Health Free Online Research Papers GDP to measure the business cycle: ‘Gross Domestic Products’ affects the American business cycle, and keeps equilibrium in our economy. GDP measures two things to help in stabilizing our economy. The economy’s income and expenditure, these two tactics are used simultaneously in measuring the annual household income and how much each household spends on goods; this is a continuously repeated cycle in the flow of money that keeps the equality to an equilibrium. The flow of income and expenditure must equal for the economy to become a whole. How this works is income is the same as expenditure for every transaction there is two parties, the seller and the buyer, when a buyer spends a dollar this becomes a dollar income for a seller. For instance Jane Doe spends $100 on for pool service to the seller John Doe for services rendered, this raises the economy of the business cycle $100. (Mankiw, 2004) Within the business cycle of economics the services paid for by consumers relate largely to the GDP flow of economy. The dollars spent by consumers flow through the market of production within a business, this allows for paying the wages for labors, fixed costs such as electricity, water , gas, and equipment. The fixed assets that are paid are also used to pay for the labor wages of these businesses. Once the labor wages are paid the recipients go out in the market and purchase more goods that contribute to the economical flow of income and expenditure, which in return contributes to a Gross Domestic Production flow in the business world. (Mankiw, 2004) Describe the roles of Government bodies that determine National Fiscal Policies: The knowledge of the governmental roles played in planning of our economical system is very confusing and very over whelming too many Americans. Most citizens don’t understand economics enough to know that the Government has several bodies that are critical too measuring the economical health of America, and managing your money. (Tan, 2009) Within these bodies are the Economists, Ministry of Trade/Commerce, Federal Reserve and many other bodies both government and non-government, that are always forecasting the future for any negative or positive development to better prepared. There are five areas of most concern watched regularly by bodies of Government and non-government officials: a) Leading Economic Indicators’ Index: On a monthly basis the U.S. Conference Board will release a set of economic indicators index’s that are reported to various media so economists will be aware of the situation. This will allow the layman to understand the overall health of the economy. So if there are three consecutive increases in the Index it is a positive state of the economy, just the opposite will show a negative balance in the state of economy. b) Unemployment figures: When economists and politicians look at unemployment they will see it from two separate angles, the rise in unemployment insurance claims and a decline in claims. Both are can be an effective outcome of the economy, when there is a rise in unemployment insurance claims this is a danger signal to economists. But on the other hand a low rate of claims may carry the potential for higher inflation. c) Durable Goods: This shows an increasing demand in goods to show the economy to be strongly expanding, and a possible backlog of orders. d) Housing Starts: The economy will measure the health of the housing industry by how many permits are issued, but an over abundance of in new housing will cause a major deficit on the economy. e) New Factory Orders: This is watched by economist and citizens to show a trigger in the economical growth or decline of gross domestic products. As any layman would know that an increase would show a positive economy, and just the opposite a falling demand would indicate a deficit in the economy. (Tan, 2009) How do changes in government spending and taxes positively or negatively impact the economy’s production and employment? Between 1980 -2000’s fiscal years studies were performed to determine where the most economical impact on state taxes of production and employment come from, all economic growth can be attributed to government spending. It has been determined that a variable shift in government spend away from goods and services and more toward the federal grant system, taking away from the state capita causes a decrease in state economical tax growth and also affects employment. Another affect towards state employment are state and federal fiscal policies of economies. States with significantly larger shares of federal related dollars towards defense have a greater impact on state and federal taxes; defense will also have a negative per capita output and a higher unemployment rate. When both state and federal government spending in increase will allow for an increase not only in state output but also a lower tax cut will have a more positive outcome one the employment rate. 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